A friend sent me this, and I thought it was very interesting. I hate DST, mainly because I grew up in Arizona where they don't do it. I find the whole thing awfully confusing. What do you think?
As you all probably know by now, a new daylight saving time law goes into effect in 2007 and 2008 that will extend daylight saving time hours. This is supposedly going to save energy, though there's no real science to back up the claim and really it's Wall Street that benefits from DST. Did you know that the U.S. has even forced Canada and Mexico to adopt our standard of daylight saving time as part of the North American Free Trade Agreement? Did you know that in 2005 and 2006 independent studies determined that over the past 20 years energy use during DST actually increased (we use less lights at night but more in the morning hours)?
Some like DST because it means more sunshine, and others like it because it illustrates the arbitrariness of time. But many still complain, including farmers and those who don't like the idea of their children walking to school in the dark. Here's a really brief history of DST:
The idea of DST was the brainchild of William Willett in 1907 as he rode his bicycle in the English country side. Mr. Willett was annoyed that his neighbors seemed to be sleeping late on summer mornings and therefore "wasting the day." He thought that by extending the day he could accommodate their laziness and that people could get more enjoyment out of summer. He persistently lobbied the British government, but to no avail.
In 1916, Germany was the first nation to adopt DST. This was during WWI and their motivation was to save energy. England soon followed later that year.
The US adopted DST in 1918, but repealed it just a year later; the repeal was sparked by protests by farmers, who were among the first, though certainly not the last, to insist on a return to what they viewed as "God's time." How God came to divide the day into twenty-four hours, however, they did not clarify. The influence of farmers, however, could not compete with that of Wall Street, which liked the idea since it meant that there would be a one hour window in the morning when both the New York Exchange and the London Exchange were open simultaneously, permitting exploitation of prices during those sixty minutes.
In fact, the New York Exchange so missed the lucrative hour when DST was repealed that it put itself on DST just for trading hours. Exchanges in Boston and Philadelphia did not want to lose out, so they followed suit, small islands of anomalous time within the nation. The patchwork coverage of DST and the attempted legal patches to make it all sensible resulted in timely confusion. If you drove the 35 miles from Steubenville, Ohio, to Moundsville, West Virginia, and wanted your watch to keep the local time, you would have to change it seven times on the route. In St. Paul, Minnesota, there was an eighteen-story office building with nine floors on DST and nine floors not.
From time to time, like during wars, DST was promoted as the patriotic thing to do, since it saved energy, but this has not conclusively been shown. The biggest force behind why we implement DST, though, is economic. Wall Street likes it, and that's important, but there were significant gains for specific industries. Sales of golf equipment and course fees go up in DST, and so do sales of barbecue equipment, and seeds and gardening supplies. Farmers still don't like it, but there are fewer and fewer of them to complain. Nonetheless, there are still plenty of people (and businesses like movie studios) that don't like it, and although we have relative standardization in its implementation now, there are still attempts to tinker with it.
Hawaii and Arizona still opt out of DST, as do four of the fourteen U.S. Territories. Indiana will opt in for the first time this year. Farmers today have abandoned the "God's time" argument and claim that they just don't like working in the dark in the morning and that cattle and other farm animals seem to have difficulty adjusting to a new schedule. While some claim that crime should decrease with longer daylight hours, parents still fear the hazards of children walking to school in the dark and staying out past curfew when "night" begins later than usual. There are no statistics to demonstrate either a reduction in overall crime due to increased daylight or an increase in child abductions or juvenile crime as a result of DST.
Personally, I just don't like the government telling me what time it is.
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